Research
Research is where you gather information on a specific subject to learn and understand more about it.
Primary research is research you do yourself such as surveys, interviews and focus groups. Primary research is important because it can give you specific insights into certain things such as the type of people who would watch a specific film. Secondary research is research that other people have done and can often be found in textbooks or historical records. Secondary research is important because it is easy to find and gives less specific data which is easier to obtain.
Research is important because you need to do research to understand your audience because if you don't know your audience it would be difficult to sell your product. If you understand your audience you can tailor certain parts of the product to the audience you know will enjoy it.
Quantitive data is more focused on the numbers and statistics and is normally shown through analysing statistics whereas Qualitative research looks more into why audiences do what they do and understanding and explaining it and is shown by the researcher's writing.
Regulatory bodies
The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) is an independant organisation that have categorised movies since 1912 and dvds since the video recordings act was passed in 1984, they categorise them into different age groups that they think are appropriate for the content such as 12 or 18.
The Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) is a self-regulatory organisation that regulates the content of adverts and listen to complaints people make about certain adverts and even look at print media like leaflets.
The Office of communications (Ofcom) is government-approved and is in charge of making sure people are protected from harmful or offensive material and make sure people don't get treated unfairly from privacy invasions.
Market/Audience/Production Research
Market research is where companies research what kind content that people want so they understand what kind of show/film is popular at the moment so they make a film that they think will be popular. Audience research is researching the type of audience that likes a certain product and understanding why they like it so they can make the product better for that audience or understand what they can do to make it appeal to a wider audience. Production research is researching important aspects of the film such as the location, how much it would cost and what kind of equipment that would be needed for production and recording.
Legal and ethical considerations
Legal considerations are mostly to do with copyright which is a law that stops people's work being used without their permission, for example if you want to use a music that has been made by another musician you would need to ask them for permission otherwise they could take legal action for copyright infringement.
Ethical considerations help make sure there is no offensive content in media and would cover subjects like representation, race, gender, religion and sexuality. When making something you must consider these things as what you make could influence people thoughts and feeling about the subjects, you should avoid stereotypes and make sure that you don't create a scenario that would make people uncomfortable.
How to examples
These videos all cover the same subject of how to set up a tripod and camera but they all do it in different ways, for example the top left video uses one camera angle the whole time while showing us how to set up a tripod and attach a camera and while they are doing they talk about their experiences with it and explain how they used it. The bottom left video is different as they use a close up angle the after the person does a close up shot of their face talking and focus on the head of the tripod and goes in detail about that specific step and how it might differ with different equipment. The bottom right videos is different to the other two as they use a variety of camera angles depending on what they are doing and instead of just explaining what you need to do they also talk about common mistakes that people might make when setting them up and what people can do to avoid them. The two videos on the left are quite professional whereas the one at the bottom is it bit silly, the bottom left and right videos are also the only ones that use graphics, with both using them at the start of the video and the right one also using one at the end.